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2011年11月，由北京故宮博物院、中國古陶瓷學(xué)會(huì)、福建省文物局、德化縣人民政府共同主辦的“2011中國瓷都?德化窯學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)”在瓷都德化舉辦，近百位國內(nèi)外博物館館長、從事陶瓷文化研究的專家學(xué)者齊聚瓷都德化，以“的故鄉(xiāng)、瓷藝術(shù)的搖籃”為主題，共同研討深厚的德化窯陶瓷文化。

研討會(huì)共提交專題論文39篇，其中不乏外國專家的作品。與會(huì)的專家學(xué)者以翔實(shí)的圖文史料為佐證，從學(xué)術(shù)專業(yè)的角度對(duì)德化窯在國內(nèi)外陶瓷文化領(lǐng)域的歷史地位和影響做了全面深刻的闡述，是一筆難得的、豐碩的學(xué)術(shù)成果。

近期，《外國人眼中的“”》欄目將再次回顧刊載該研討會(huì)的相關(guān)論文，并對(duì)其中的論文進(jìn)行翻譯，為廣大德化陶瓷文化研究愛好者提供學(xué)習(xí)、交流、參考。

Dehua Ceramics in Long-distance Trade in the Song- Yuan period: excavations at Satingpra, South Thailand（七）

Janice Stargardt  翻譯：孫延燕

This list contains two forms of frankincense that were highly prized in Song China, the less costly but most widely used incense in China and two forms of valuable camphor. It confirms the notes above to indicate the economic values in perishable commodities that Satingpra was contributing to the maritime trade of which the high grade ceramic sherds above provide durable in situ evidence.

這份名單包含了兩種在宋朝極為珍貴的乳香，一種是價(jià)格較低但在中國使用最廣泛的熏香，另一種是兩種價(jià)值較高的樟腦。它證實(shí)了上述說明，以表明易消失商品的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值以及塞丁普拉在促進(jìn)海上貿(mào)易曾經(jīng)發(fā)揮的持續(xù)促進(jìn)作用，其中上述高等級(jí)的陶瓷提供了持久的證據(jù)。

Let us now turn to the evidence provided by chemical analyses of the paste of speciemen sherds excavated at Satingpra. Following the procedures established by Yap,C.T. and Hua Younan (1992), the results shown in Fig 14 enable clear distinctions to be made among white bodied ceramics of similar general appearance and potting technique. Sample sherds from the Satingpra excavations were submitted to the Institute of Ceramic Technology, Shanghai for testing and the identifications presented above are based in part on their analyses and in part on the aesthetic knowledge of the experts listed below. Fig 14 below, shows the diagnostic differences between the five famous white wares of China of the period from the Northern Song to the Yuan in terms of their distinctive concentrations of four principal chemical components: Si02, Al03,Mg0 and K20: the Gongxian, Xing, Ding, Jingdezhen and Dehua ceramics respectively.

現(xiàn)在讓我們看看在塞丁普拉發(fā)掘的瓷片黏土化學(xué)分析提供的證據(jù)。根據(jù)三位專家建立的程序，圖14顯示的結(jié)果可以清楚地區(qū)分總體相似外觀和類似注漿工藝的白色陶瓷。塞丁普拉挖掘的陶瓷碎片樣本已提交給上海陶瓷技術(shù)研究所進(jìn)行測(cè)試，上述鑒定部分基于其分析，部分基于下列專家的美學(xué)知識(shí)。下圖14顯示了北宋至元代中國五種著名白瓷在四種主要化學(xué)成分(Si02, Al03,Mg0 and K20)的濃度特征方面的診斷差異，這四種主要化學(xué)成分分別是鞏縣、興縣、定縣、景德鎮(zhèn)和德化的陶瓷。

Fig. 14, differences between five Chinese white ceramics in terms of four principal components

圖14，五種瓷的四種主要成分的差異

責(zé)任編輯：陳美珠